Utility companies' demand-side programs produced a 0.9 percent savings in electricity consumption over the period between 1992 and 2006 and a 1.8 percent savings overall. They also achieved their maximum impact a few years after launching and had a long-lasting effect. Policy-makers should incorporate consideration of lasting and lagged effects of DSM programs into consideration.
When choosing fuel efficient vehicles, US consumers undervalue future fuel costs by valuing one dollar's worth of future savings at 76 cents for the present price, a value gap of 32 percent.
Despite capital investment and regulatory initiatives worldwide, international environmental technology transfer between developed and developing country occurs rarely while 60 percent of related innovation is concentrated in 3 countries.
